An oil platform explosion on Thursday in the Gulf of Mexico forced the crew to jump into the sea and threatened further damage to waters still recovering from the BP disaster.

It was the second such disaster in the Gulf, but this time there was no leak and no one was killed.

Fire engulfed the offshore platform 160 kilometres south of the Louisiana coast shortly after 9.00am (2400 AEST) and massive plumes of grey smoke billowed into the sky as rescuers rushed to fish out the workers.

Boats are seen spraying water on an oil and gas platform that exploded in the Gulf of Mexico. Photo: AP

Photographs showed the 13-strong crew linking arms as they bobbed up and down in special flotation suits before being plucked out by helicopters and taken to a nearby rig and on to a mainland hospital.

All escaped serious injury.

Workers told rescue crews that they managed to shut down the wells before evacuating the platform and had spotted a thin sheen of oil spreading for about a mile.

The company that owns the platform, Houston-based Mariner Energy, did not know what caused the explosion.

Fire crews managed to extinguish the blaze after about five hours and the oil sheen was no longer visible by the time the Coast Guard arrived.

"The fire is out, and Coast Guard helicopters on scene and vessels on scene have no reports of a visible sheen in the water," Captain Peter Troedsson, chief of staff for the Eighth Coast Guard District, told reporters.

"There’s no report or any evidence of leaks, but we continue to investigate and to monitor that situation to make sure that that doesn’t change."

The incident ignited fresh criticism of the oil and gas industry as the region struggles to recover from the BP disaster, which was the largest ever maritime oil spill.

"The BP disaster was supposed to be the wake up call, but we hit the snooze button. Today the alarm went off again," Sierra Club executive director Michael Brune said in a statement.

"The oil industry continues to rail against regulation, but it’s become all too clear that the current approach to offshore drilling is simply too dangerous."

An estimated 4.9 million barrels of oil gushed out of a deepwater well that ruptured after the BP-leased Deepwater Horizon drilling rig exploded on April 20 off the coast of Louisiana.

The explosion killed 11 workers and it took nearly three months to stem the flow of oil gushing out of the well about 1500 metres below the surface.

"How many times are we going to gamble with lives, economies and ecosystems?" said John Hocevar, Greenpeace USA oceans campaign director.

"It’s time we learn from our mistakes and go beyond oil."

The Mariner Energy platform that caught fire on Thursday was operating in relatively shallow water, about 103m, and was not drilling at the time of the explosion, the Texas-based company said.

It had been producing approximately 1400 barrels of oil and condensate and 9.2 million cubic feet of natural gas a day.

Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal said Mariner told him that the fire started in one of seven active wells on the platform and that "all seven are shut in right now".

The White House said it was monitoring the situation and reserved judgment until more information was available.

"We will continue to gather information as we respond, we obviously have response assets ready for deployment, should we receive reports of pollution in the water," White House spokesman Robert Gibbs told reporters.

Gibbs declined to say whether the president believed inspections of rigs in the Gulf of Mexico was moving fast enough in the wake of the BP disaster.

"Obviously we’ve had taken some, we took a series of steps after the BP incident," Gibbs said.

"If this situation warrants, we’ll certainly update that."

It was also not clear how this incident would affect Obama’s moratorium on offshore drilling, which is being challenged in the courts and has faced harsh criticism from his political foes.

The House Energy and Commerce Committee, which has held a congressional investigation into the BP spill, sent a swift letter to Mariner Energy’s chairman requesting a briefing on the incident.

"In the wake of the BP catastrophe, this is an extremely disturbing event," said committee chairman Henry Waxman.

"I call on the administration to immediately redouble safety reviews of all offshore drilling and platform operations in the gulf and take all appropriate action to ensure safety and protection of the environment."

AFP